Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. It can be frustrating, painful, and take a toll on self-esteem. While there are many treatments available, from over-the-counter products to prescription medications, not everything works for everyone. Recently, dermatologists have been turning to an intriguing new acne fighter: hypochlorous acid.
What is Hypochlorous Acid?
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is produced naturally by white blood cells in the human body to fight bacteria and inflammation. In skin care and medicine, a man-made version of hypochlorous acid is used as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent. It effectively kills bacteria, viruses, and fungi, while also reducing inflammation.
Dermatologists have found this acid particularly helpful for treating acne. Dr. Shilpi Khetarpal, a board-certified dermatologist, explains, “This is emerging as an excellent ingredient for acne-prone skin because of its ability to kill p. acnes bacteria which contribute to acne breakouts. It also has anti-inflammatory properties which help reduce redness and swelling.”
Dr. Geeta Yadav, another board-certified dermatologist, agrees: “Hypochlorous acid is one of the best ingredients available today for acne-prone skin. It gently exfoliates dead skin cells, penetrates pores, decreases p. acnes, and calms inflammation.”
With dermatologist approval, it’s clear Chlorine monoxide warrants a closer look as an acne treatment. Here’s how it works to clear up breakouts:
- Kills acne-causing bacteria
Propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) are bacteria that live deep within hair follicles and pores. When these bacteria grow out of control, they cause inflammation, leading to red, swollen acne lesions.
Hypochlorous acid is highly effective at killing p. acnes. A study in the Journal of Dermatological Science found Chlorine monoxide solution eliminated 99.99% of p. acnes after just one minute of contact. The researchers concluded hypochlorous acid “has potential as a therapeutic agent for acne.”
By killing acnes bacteria, Chlorous acid helps prevent new acne breakouts and reduces inflammation in existing breakouts.
- Unclogs pores
When dead skin cells, oil, and bacteria build up in pores, it forms a clog. This clogged pore provides the perfect environment for p. acnes bacteria to multiply rapidly. The result is inflamed, painful acne lesions.
Chlorous acid breaks up this pore-clogging debris through its antimicrobial action. It also gently exfoliates dead skin cells that would otherwise mix with oil and harden into a plug. By keeping pores clear, it lowers the chances of new breakouts.
- Decreases inflammation In addition to killing p. acnes bacteria, hypochlorous acid also reduces acne-related skin inflammation. A study in The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology found this acid gel decreased inflammatory acne lesions by 54% after just 2 weeks.
The anti-inflammatory powers of hypochloric acid make it ideal for cystic acne—deep, swollen, painful breakouts under the skin. The acid helps soothe redness and reduces size of cysts.
- Suppresses excess oil production
For some acne-prone skin types, overactive sebaceous glands produce too much oil (sebum). This excess oil mixes with dead skin cells in pores, leading to more clogged pores and acne breakouts.
Early research indicates hypochloric acid may help regulate sebum production. One study found patients with oily, acne-prone skin had significant reductions in skin oil after using a hypochloric acid spray twice a day for six weeks. More research is still needed to confirm effects.
- Safe for sensitive skin
Many common acne treatments like benzoyl peroxide and retinoids can cause redness, peeling, dryness and irritation. For people with sensitive skin, the side effects of these harsh ingredients may outweigh the benefits.
Hydrogen hypochlorite, on the other hand, is gentle enough for even highly sensitive skin. In fact, it’s been shown to improve skin barrier function with regular use.
Dermatologist Dr. Shilpi Khetarpal confirms its safety: “Hypochlorous acid is well-tolerated due to its natural origin. It has minimal risks of allergy, dryness, or sensitivity like some other acne treatments.”
How To Use Hypochlorous Acid for Acne
image credits: Exposed Skin Care
When looking for acne products with hypochlorous acid, dermatologists recommend using a concentration between 0.01% – 0.05%. Look for it listed near the beginning of the ingredients list.
Hypochlorous acid is commonly found in acne treatment serums, gels, toners/mists, and cleansing pads. Select a formulation that best fits your preferences and skin type. Here are some effective ways to incorporate it into your routine:
Acne treatment serum – After cleansing, apply a few drops of hypochlorous acid serum all over acne-prone areas. Let it fully absorb before applying other leave-on products like moisturizer. Use once or twice daily.
Toner/mist – Mist Chlorine monoxide toner over the face after cleansing morning and night to kill bacteria and soothe inflammation. Can also be used throughout the day over makeup as a refresher.
Cleansing pads – Wipe acne-prone areas with hypochlorous acid cleansing pads after working out or whenever you want a quick cleansing boost.
Spot treatment – Dab this acid gel directly onto breakouts as needed to rapidly reduce redness and swelling.
Mask – Try a Chlorine monoxide sheet mask a few times per week to deeply cleanse pores, draw out impurities, and calm breakout-prone skin.
Always do a patch test before starting regular use of any new skincare product. Monitor for irritation, redness or increased breakouts.
For optimal results, dermatologists advise using hypochlorous acid twice daily for at least 4-6 weeks. Consistency is key to seeing its bacteria-fighting, infection-clearing effects on acne. Combine with salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide for enhanced effectiveness.
9 Things To Know Before Trying Hypochlorous Acid
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Hypochlorous acid offers an intriguing new acne solution. But before running out to buy it, here are a few things dermatologists want you to keep in mind:
- Not a substitute for proven acne medications For moderate to severe acne, hypochlorous acid should not replace traditional prescription treatments like isotretinoin, oral antibiotics, spironolactone, or hormonal birth control. Always speak to a dermatologist about the best medical therapy for your case. Think of HOCl as a helpful supplement to prescription regimens.
- Works best for mild to moderate acne While it can benefit some severe cases, hypochlorous acid works best for mild to moderate inflammatory acne without deep cysts or nodules. It’s an especially great option for stubborn adult acne.
- Takes time to see results Like any acne treatment, hypochlorous acid takes consistent use over 4-6 weeks to start working. Be patient and stick with it. Skipping applications will slow results.
- Won’t fix underlying cause Hypochlorous acid treats the surface-level symptoms of acne, but not the root cause. Hormonal acne requires different treatment like birth control pills or spironolactone. Always address the source of breakouts.
- Can cause temporary dryness Some people experience dryness or peeling when first starting hypochlorous acid, especially with stronger concentrations. This generally subsides within 1-2 weeks as your skin adapts. Use a gentle moisturizer to counteract.
- Stings open wounds Spraying or applying hypochlorous acid products to open acne wounds will sting momentarily. This is normal and not harmful. Avoid getting it directly in eyes.
- Has chlorine-like smell Due to the chlorine composition, some products have a faint chlorine odor. Look for fragrance-free options if this bothers you. The smell fades quickly once applied.
- Should be kept in fridge The active ingredient breaks down faster at warm temperatures. Refrigerate hypochlorous acid products to maintain their antibacterial potency and shelf life.
- Won’t treat fungal acne While effective against bacteria, this does not have anti-fungal activity. For fungal acne (malassezia), use an antifungal ingredient like zinc pyrithione instead.
Safe Hypochlorous Acid Products
When looking for hypochlorous acid products, stick to reputable skincare brands recommended by dermatologists. Here are some safe, effective options:
Tower 28 SOS Daily Rescue Facial Spray
image credits: Tower 28 Beauty
This gentle hypochlorous acid mist can be used daily to treat acne and calm irritation. It’s free of fragrances and oils.
Twenty/Twenty Beauty Calming Face Mist
image credits: Clear eyes+ Aesthetics
A lightweight facial spray with this acid to clear acne and redness without dryness or peeling. Ophthalmologist tested.
ZitSticka Hyperfade Serum
image credits: Lookfantastic India
Features 0.05% hypochlorous acid plus tranexamic acid to prevent acne marks and piHCA to inhibit p. acnes bacteria.
Ursa Major Golden Hour Recovery Cream
image credits: Ursa Major
A soothing hypochlorous acid moisturizer safe for use post-acne extractions or procedures. Reduces risk of infections.
Epiceram Anti-Itch Cerapeutic Skin Barrier Emulsion
image credits: HAPPI
This dermatologist-recommended cream contains hypochlorous acid along with ceramides to repair the moisture barrier compromised by acne medications.
Always do a patch test before trying any new skincare product. Introduce hypochlorous acid slowly into your routine and monitor for increased dryness or irritation. Use a broad spectrum sunscreen daily when using any acid. Do not forget to consult your dermatologist before trying anything new with your skin! With the right product, hypochlorous acid can safely clear acne even for sensitive skin types!
The Bottom Line
More clinical studies are still needed to further demonstrate the efficacy and mechanisms of hypochlorous acid for acne. But early research is promising and dermatologist testimonials are glowing. For those seeking a natural, gentle alternative to harsh acne medications, hypochlorous acid warrants consideration. It offers antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that can significantly improve breakouts when used consistently.
Remember to introduce it slowly and stick to a daily regimen for optimal results. See a dermatologist if you don’t see improvement after 6-8 weeks of use. Hypochlorous acid may offer meaningful acne relief as part of your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin.
